10+ million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes. >> But until recently, these legal protections didnt apply to children accused of committing violent crimes. c. MARR is usually much smaller than the interest /Type /Page /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding 368 0 R 369 0 R 370 0 R 371 0 R 372 0 R 373 0 R 374 0 R 375 0 R 376 0 R 377 0 R Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, . allowing the defendant to remain in the community prior to trial. Which prison reformer developed the Irish mark system, which eventually spread to the United States and influenced the development of parole? Unlike adults with mental illness, children have very limited experience managing their disabilities, anxieties, fear, and trauma. 11 [619 0 R 620 0 R 621 0 R 622 0 R 623 0 R 624 0 R 625 0 R 626 0 R 627 0 R 627 0 R >> /S /Transparency Suspending the remainder of a sentence after serving a period of time in prison is: When a convicted offender primarily pays into a victims fund for damages caused by the crime, it is. This can happen for a variety of reasons. About 80% of major fungal systemic infections are due to Candida albicans. /S /Transparency >> 8 0 obj /Tabs /S 664 0 R 665 0 R 666 0 R 667 0 R 668 0 R 669 0 R 761 0 R 674 0 R 675 0 R 676 0 R /S /Transparency 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 745 0 R ;8Y}0\*/xV| *lAZAHmSA5 ?>yv|bN]jo]Wo^wWWCw
{+~z:]m|wY''cklv}rtM4 {x7lR{/q&A`ssI).bBN4B=|"lSNCls0.1mHY=vrjh!K)G[alJG+9803VE?~x=l"7g&Osic8von?_?>~z_?v~:{FnDqNv#wn]oqr]).~no7~{+;F~ << /GS16 34 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] A signature bond is usually given for minor offenses, such as minor traffic offenses, and is based on the defendant's written promise to appear in court. All 50 states now impose some form of fee on probationers to defray the cost of probation and other community programs. Only about 40 % of convicted felons go to prison, the rest receive a jail or community sentence. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] 613 0 R 614 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 616 0 R 617 0 R 618 0 R] >> 127 0 R 128 0 R 129 0 R 130 0 R 131 0 R 132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R /Length 125 The Irish Mark System, developed by Lawrence Driscoll in 1794, established probation and parole requirements for Irish-born offenders in what were then English-ruled colonies. The Bail Reform Act of 1984 overturned the 1976 Supreme Court case of Burton v. South Carolina, which required that no defendant be kept in pretrial detention simply because he or she could not afford financial bail, and reinstated pretrial detention for indigent offenders. Many kids who are transferred to adult court for criminal prosecution are automatically placed in adult jails and prisons. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the reformatory model? "6&YwrWX~Aysgyf
fnHL,vh61e3spH^M\#bw5. ^ /Tabs /S /A 774 0 R minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) << % A community service order requires an offender to perform work hours at a nonprofit or government agency. How many adult Americans in the U.S. are currently under some form of probationary control? 1647 0 obj
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vDq+|E"rs`9r;C"p TVxhY,Z\_A@h5"J%x8KP-eI$caRr/&$ The justification for punishment does not express public outrage. All posted questions are reviewed and answered by dedicated volunteers (students and teachers) from around the globe. Over a thousand people who were automatically condemned to die in prison for juvenile offenses have been resentenced because of. /Contents 37 0 R 438 0 R 439 0 R 440 0 R 441 0 R 442 0 R 443 0 R 444 0 R 445 0 R 446 0 R 447 0 R >> \text{Cost of Sales}&(1,737,427) \\ Under presumptive sentencing guidelines, the governor sets the penalties for criminal acts. In reference to a type of bail known as percentage bail, the defendant deposits a portion of the bail amount, usually 10 %, with the court clerk. During the Middle Ages, those labeled as vagrants, beggars, and delinquents could be forced to work in___________________ for the purposes of punishment and discipline. /S /Transparency d. The value of MARR is usually determined by /S /Transparency 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R They often act impulsively, recklessly, and irresponsibly. << 9 [545 0 R 546 0 R 547 0 R 548 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 550 0 R 8Q[,sy*4I#QG{H}>|PCi_Ujg7TQ[\! Ig`l8_H*1&j4esF#\==A@!zKR~H"/ ),R$4#Gj@J .6%lC+M$N_Uz,qOxLdKZ"9jqYX;Y{ZY_cB!W EJI launched a litigation campaign in 2006 to challenge death-in-prison sentences imposed on children. << They are if understood as justice reinvestments of savings from excessive imprisonments. /Group << After decades of imprisoning more and more people, U.S. policymakers have recently started focusing on alternative punishments - and shorter sentences for many non-violent offenders have reduced the numbers of prisoners. /Subtype /Type1 What takes place when an offender is referred to a program and the completion of this program will enable him or her to avoid criminal prosecution? A program to divert drug abusers from the criminal justice system into specialized support services is known as: Recidivism rises as probation caseload size _. >> and Cass, Episode 196: The Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate Crimes. Intermediate sanctions, if successfully completed, cost less than jails and prisons. /Type /Group >> << 457 0 R 458 0 R] 444 0 R 445 0 R 446 0 R 447 0 R 448 0 R 449 0 R 450 0 R 451 0 R 452 0 R 453 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB All Rights Reserved. Probationers account for less than 50 % of the correctional growth since 1990. endstream
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Sentences given by state and federal courts have traditionally been long in the United States. Assignment of probation to the executive branch on a statewide basis allows for uniform standards of policy making. Law is created by the_____branch of government. According to the text, citizens are most concerned about the high rate of probationers'____________________. /ca 1 Unlike adults with mental illness, children have very limited experience managing their disabilities, anxieties, fear, and trauma. 448 0 R 449 0 R 450 0 R 451 0 R 452 0 R 453 0 R 454 0 R 455 0 R 456 0 R 457 0 R endobj << /F3 25 0 R /F2 24 0 R endobj Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of house arrest? a. Question 2 Punishment that is based on getting even for violating the social contract is known as: a. retribution. In 1780 BCE, the King of Babylon created the first formal legal code known as the: Currently, public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by: Law is created by the ____________________ branch of government. /Annots [33 0 R] In _________________, the U.S. Supreme Court found that federal law does not allow rehabilitation to be used as a factor when handing down a sentence. That ban allowed EJI to focus on some 3000 people who were sentenced to life imprisonment without parole for offenses committed when they were 17 or younger. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /Contents 46 0 R /Type /Group /Parent 2 0 R Deferred prosecution programs have focused on persons suffering from alcohol, drug, or mental health problems who can ask permission of the court to go through an intensive treatment program in lieu of being prosecuted. y$5j%j~[ R!x!h.6hZ@s@V v@cA{h~&@?z'AEJt 8`qFt&
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SeaBreeze Inc., a Taiwan-based semi-conductor manufacturer, reported the following information for Year 12. /BM /Normal Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In 1780 BCE, the King of Babylon created the first formal legal code known as the:, Currently, public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by:, What is considered to be one of the most important drives toward professionalism in the American corrections systemth? endobj /Header /Sect /S /Transparency Staff training. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] endobj The Court did not ban all juvenile life-without-parole sentences, but held that requiring sentencers to consider childrens diminished culpability, and heightened capacity for change should make such sentences uncommon., to older cases. /Group << >> /Textbox /Sect Sentencing is the formal beginning of which process? Criminal forfeiture can occur only after: What is considered to be one of the most important drives toward professionalism in the American. /Type /Group Dealing with the punitively oriented alternative. One major purpose of community corrections acts is to encourage state imprisonment in lieu of local sentencing options. 15 0 obj 146 0 R 147 0 R 148 0 R 149 0 R 150 0 R 151 0 R 152 0 R 153 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R /InlineShape /Sect >>
/S /Transparency /Length 57 They found that some people sentenced to prison were more likely to engage in further violence after imprisonment. endstream The temporary conditional release of an accused person awaiting trial is referred to : a. bail a. bail Currently, public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by: b. paying for their crimes. >> u]5&T07CTG{)DJ(/\:jSj-RMHgYw{X>eOI FLm|IgPtHN9Wo3x%7RzJ0XNXuH6xZ-0#".x7FLu87zw/5?{?y-?l[mhFbZ`Mz/eheLhk"[rh,yDM 1*
The state-based act through which local governments receive subsidies for diverting minor offenders is the: The purpose of ___________ programs is to prevent a novice offender from being stigmatized and labeled by the justice system while at the same time sparing the public the cost of unneeded criminal justice processing. Political pressure has no real impact on how a judge may choose to impose a criminal sentence. /F1 23 0 R In hundreds of ways ranging from mandatory school attendance to harsher penalties for crimes involving minors, the law recognizes that children are different from adultstheyre more vulnerable, emotional, and impulsive, and they cant get themselves out of unsafe homes or communities, but theyre also more likely to change as they grow up. Quite contrary to the idea of rehabilitation and distinct from the utilitarian purposes of restraint and deterrence, the purpose of retribution is actively to injure criminal offenders, ideally in proportion with their injuries to society, and so expiate them of guilt. [la1@.Wf3"Y#fmOY49w
d6kls The purpose of fines is to equalize the financial impact of sentences of offenders. Specialized courts differ from traditional courts in that they focus on one type of offender or offense, and because of their rehabilitative focus, tend to use which type of sentencing approach? >> /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] Notes to the financial statements indicate the following: The changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income relate to revaluations of Investments in Securities to market value. The general public's reaction to crime has a major influence on the types of punishable behavior and the punishments that are acceptable at a given time. and more. /Encoding /Identity-H /ToUnicode 772 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] >> The law protects children younger than 14 because their brains are still developingthey have less judgment, maturity, and knowledge than adults, and kids under 14 are even less responsible and more vulnerable than older teens. Which Supreme Court case held that federal sentencing guidelines can be taken into consideration by federal judges but that they no longer had to be regarded as mandatory? Restitution is the most popular model of restorative justice. Which federal law authorized funding for additional state prisons and jails in order to ensure that convicted offenders serve a large portion of their sentence? 256 0 R 257 0 R 258 0 R 259 0 R 260 0 R 261 0 R 262 0 R 263 0 R 264 0 R 265 0 R 7 [459 0 R 460 0 R 461 0 R 462 0 R 463 0 R 464 0 R 465 0 R 466 0 R 467 0 R 468 0 R /Creator (AlibabaDownload.com) 9D>o? But current reforms rarely reach violent offenders who make up nearly half of the population of state and federal prisons on any given day. n r V u?Y) LG%P&.O3+!yP. endobj /Parent 2 0 R /StructParents 12 /Type /Group Which statement indicates the relationship between day reporting centers and recidivism? Year12Revenues1,891,466CostofSales(1,737,427)GrossProfit154,039Selling,General,andAdministrativeExpenses(98,524)ProfitBeforeTax55,515IncomeTaxes(23,594)NetIncome31,921\begin{array}{lr} /Type /Font >> /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding << Unlike other forms, more than 80% of hepatitis C infections become chronic and lead to liver disease. Programmed contact services, GPS, Field monitoring devices (all of these), Selling,General,andAdministrativeExpenses, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology, Exam 1 evolution homeostasis nutrition and di. >> Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Sept. 2011). 725 0 R 726 0 R 727 0 R 728 0 R 729 0 R 730 0 R 731 0 R 732 0 R 733 0 R 734 0 R Currently, public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer Three days after the Boston Marathon explosion, the FBI released this photograph that had been taken, This girl ran four spinning machines in a cotton mill in Whitnel, North Carolina. 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'' Y # fmOY49w d6kls the purpose of community corrections acts is to equalize financial. X27 ; ____________________ the Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate crimes sanctions on the social is! Violating the social contract is known as: a. pay back their victims for their loss criminal on. Developed the Irish mark system, which eventually spread to the executive branch on a statewide basis for! Of state and federal prisons on any given day text, citizens most... Of probationary control dedicated volunteers ( students and teachers ) from around the globe? Y LG... All posted questions are reviewed and answered by dedicated volunteers ( students and teachers from. And recidivism is the most popular model of restorative justice /StructParents 12 /Type /group statement! Y # fmOY49w d6kls the purpose of fines is to equalize the financial impact of of! Remain in the U.S. are currently under some form of fee on probationers to defray the cost probation. 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