Student interest will be taken into consideration in deciding what additional topics to cover. Of course, this question cannot really be answered, nor is there any value in trying to answer it, and any "answer" will only be "true" for you. [more], It is a generally held belief, in our time and culture, that science is the best source of our knowledge of the world, and of ourselves. We will pay special attention to the first amendment and questions concerning free speech and hate speech. We also introduce the practice of meditation as a way to observe the mind and raise questions concerning the place of its study in the mind-sciences. Our texts will include Gottlob Frege. The picture that we find in the works of the tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides is markedly different. (ii) You are reading. [more], The touchstone of our course will be Plato's Republic: the first and perhaps greatest utopia as well as perhaps the greatest work in political philosophy. We shall first explore the salient features of the pragmatic approaches to language, paying special attention to Austin's notion of illocutionary force and Grice's notion of non-natural meaning. From there it is a natural transition to Aldous Huxley's Brave New World. Some challenges we face are broad and about the future, though perhaps not the far future. In this tutorial you will read from a selection of Foucault's texts (books, lectures, interviews) in order to acquire a firm grasp of his method of "critique" and his way of looking at the interconnections between forms of power and the knowledge associated with particular disciplines. When I attended the Chairmans dinner at the West Coast Eagles- Adelaide Crows AFL game a few week ago there was a pall of sadness in the room. This seminar will try to establish, with as much accuracy as the subject allows, what are the central tenets of American Pragmatism, how they have shaped contemporary epistemology and the philosophy of science, and finally, to what extent are pragmatist approaches to human knowledge philosophically sound and fruitful. In addition to examining general accounts of causation, we will examine particular problems that come up in thinking about mental causation and causation in indeterministic contexts. The aim of this course is to explore and evaluate a number of rival conceptions of persons and personal identity over time. For clarification and discussion of the points made in Treatise, we will read parts of Hume's later works, especially the two Enquiries. [more], Bertrand Russell claimed that Ludwig Wittgenstein was "perhaps the most perfect example I have ever known of genius as traditionally conceived--passionate, profound, intense, and dominating." If so, what are the constraints on good revisions? He had also worked at the Eagles for 5 years and was close A lesson from the tragic death of Phil Walsh Read More How can we ensure that AI's will act morally? Is it moral for us to pass along these sorts of decisions to AI's? We will also study contemporary philosophers who have written on education, such as Martha Nussbaum and Cornel West. Further, even where there is agreement as to the proper way of answering epistemological questions, there is a stunning variety of possible answers to each question. What is the relationship between the mind and the body? In this way, we come to appreciate the importance of considering the biology on which mental processes are based and the light that this approach throws on the nature of consciousness. We will examine these and related issues by looking in depth at contemporary defenses of consequentialist, deontological, and contractualist theories. Diamond investigated the methodology of moral philosophy, paying special attention to the role of literature. There two ways to understand "Many students took every class". Pascal's wager is a different approach: it argues that even though proof of the existence of God is unavailable, you will maximize your expected utility be believing. [more], Logic is the study of reasoning and argument. We will discuss the importance of specific genre conventions and broader contextual matters to the interpretation of literary texts (along the lines suggested by Quentin Skinner); the possibility of using intention to rule out mistaken and arrive at acceptable interpretations, if not a single correct interpretation (a possibility denied by such relativists as Stanley Fish); the use and meaning of metaphors; and the host of questions surrounding the intentional fallacy (the alleged result of invoking authorial intention to determine textual meaning). How did you develop your character? Is that principle of organization justifiable or not? The first portion of the course will address the emergence of the "Ethics of Care," critically assessing its origins in feminist theory, its development within the context of the caring professions, and its potential as a general approach to bioethical reasoning. Emboldened by our confidence in skeptical arguments, we claim that knowledge is inevitably limited, that it depends on one's perspective, and that everything one believes is relative to context or culture. Walsh, 55, died from multiple stab wounds at the scene despite attempts by ambulance officers to revive him.His son was arrested after police were called to a domestic dispute at the home in Somerton Park at 2am ACST on Friday. Persons are subjects of experiences, have thoughts and feelings, motivation and agency; a person is thought of as continuous over time, and as related to, recognized and respected by other persons. If not, should this concern us? We conclude by considering the relation between first and third person studies of the mind, focusing on the concept of the embodied mind as a fruitful bridge between these different traditions. In this way the goal of the course is significantly different from that of Logic and Language (PHIL 203). Each book was chosen by and will be introduced by a professor from a different department, and then Professor of Philosophy Steve Gerrard will continue the discussion. Those positions remain extreme, but the challenge that consciousness poses is dramatic. This course is part of the John Hyde Teaching Fellowship. We will read works by three of Socrates' contemporaries: Aristophanes, Xenophon, and especially Plato. Authors will include: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant. [more], The last line of Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus famously reads: "Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent." This course will introduce students to fundamental concepts, methods, and issues in environmental ethics. When should we give morality priority over personal commitments and relationships, and why? The first portion of the course will be devoted to developing and understanding four moral principles which have come to be accepted as canonical: respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Now I'm confused. B. Lipscomb before the first meeting, preferably over the summer. Tutorial partners will have an opportunity to spend the end of the semester working on a special topic of their choosing including, for instance, consciousness and free will, pain and anesthesia, consciousness and artificial intelligence, or disorders of consciousness. Is it possible to have systematic knowledge of subjective experience? Here are a few: Second, we will engage in some current philosophical debates concerning the concept of freedom in metaphysics, ethics, and political philosophy. Who is equal? We will begin by reading some of Plato's early dialogues and his Republic. UPDATE: Footy world pays tribute to Crows coach as AFL cancels Crows clash, Walsh, a man consumed by football Phil Walsh tragedy: rolling coverageCrows-Cats clash called offStatement from Gillon McLachlan on round 14. According to Hegel, subjects are both historically and socially constituted; they are formed through their relations with other subjects. Last offered Fall 2017 . [more], We often associate modern faith in the prospects of universal human dignity, rational autonomy, the rights of man, individual liberty, democracy, open scientific inquiry and social and political progress with the Enlightenment . This course will offer a selective overview of the debates that characterized philosophy of film since the early 20th century. What is knowledge (as opposed to mere opinion)? All three have had a profound influence on literature, social theory, and critical theories of the 20th and 21st centuries. While social justice and distributive justice are deeply intertwined in the health care context and we will discuss both, we will focus primarily on the concept of distributive justice. [more], Hume's A Treatise of Human Nature, one of the greatest books in the history of philosophy, still exerts a considerable influence on contemporary epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of science, philosophy of action, ethics and moral psychology. Our starting and central question will be: and evidence in forming our best beliefs. How does our experience justify our beliefs? We will read some representative works from each of these schools of thought to see how each approaches Socrates. Nietzsche texts may include selections from: Untimely Meditations, The Gay Science,Beyond Good and Evil, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, The Genealogy of Morals, Twilight of the Idols, and Ecce Homo. Critical theory aims not merely to understand the "struggles and wishes of the age" as Marx one described it, but with emancipation from domination. Why then should we spend our time studying people who in addition to having these surprising beliefs have been dead for 2500 years? Why should one obey the law (if one should)? We will begin the course by looking at Hume's and Kant's discussion of causation. Are there incompatible but equally true ways of describing the world? [more], What is it for a novel, a story, a play or a film to be a philosophical narrative? The course will begin with the "received view" of science, advanced by logical empiricists, which assumes the objectivity and the rationality of science and argues that induction is the main scientific method. Starting from scratch, students will learn the building blocks of current-day linguistic research. In this tutorial we'll closely examine a series of contemporary and historical cases of human experimentation (roughly, one case per week) with an eye toward elucidating the moral norms that ought to govern human subjects research. We got it anyway . know anything through reason alone? How do logic and language relate? How did you develop your character? To submit an obituary, please send it to Alumni Records, Williams College, 75 Park Street, Williamstown, MA 01267. If there are such things--we'll call them propositions--what are they like? And on what grounds can we justify confidence in our provisional answers to such questions? [more], Our focus in this class is going to be on the nature of causation. Does philosophy yield knowledge? If they are conscious, will AI's have dignity and rights? Nevertheless, comparatively few people realize that the views we commonly think of as "Platonic" represent only one strand in Plato's thought. Walsh's wife Meredith was taken to a nearby hospital for cuts to her leg. Topics to be considered include the nature of freedom (both individual and social), the master/slave dialectic and subject constitution, self-consciousness and double consciousness, the stages of history, and racial capitalism [more], Any critical theory presupposes an account how both individual and social subjects come into being. A hub of student life at Williams, Paresky houses Baxter Great Hall (seen here), four dining options, meeting rooms and study spaces, pool and foosball tables, an auditorium, and the student mailroom. Thus, the barber shaves himself if and only if he does not shave himself. We will read some representative works from each of these schools of thought to see how each approaches Socrates. The first, shorter part will focus on the writings of the three classics of American pragmatism--Charles S. Peirce, William James and John Dewey--and analyze their reaction against traditional epistemology, as well as the positive philosophical ideas that they had to offer. One must grasp the meanings of the various parts of the sentence. What are emotions, and how should we think about them? argument, the cosmological argument, the teleological argument, the argument from religious experience, and the argument from evil). What if they are more fair? Does being virtuous guarantee happiness? In addition to key concepts of death, dying, and terminal illness, we will develop and refine notions of medical futility, paternalism and autonomy, particularly within the context of advance directives and surrogate decision making. In some weeks, students will be asked to choose from a small set which case they would like to address; in others the case will be assigned. Mill, W.E.B Dubois, John Rawls, Charles Mills, Jurgen Habermas). Is patriotism incompatible with cosmopolitanism, and if so, which of the two should we value? this course we'll explore justice as a fundamental moral principle and as a desideratum of the US health care system. Through an examination of these works, we will try to get some feeling for what Socrates' controversial positions and his arguments for these positions may have been. Most sessions will pair readings about key concepts with specific cases that raise complex ethical issues, including the concept of moral standing and, e.g., people who do not yet exist, non-human individuals, species, and complex living systems; the concept of moral responsibility and complicity in environmentally damaging practices; the legitimacy of cost-benefit analysis as an environmental policy tool; and the valuation of human lives. The Philosophy of Higher Education: College Controversies. What form of government best serves the people? In the last century New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani attempted to shut down the Brooklyn Museum "Sensations" exhibit because he claimed it offended Christians, and the Cincinnati Contemporary Arts Center was prosecuted for exhibiting allegedly obscene photographs by Robert Mapplethorpe. When should we give morality priority over personal commitments and relationships, and why? His thought influenced the thought of subsequent generations of philosophers. Are there ethical considerations that should govern both film production and spectatorship? Why then should we spend our time studying people who in addition to having these surprising beliefs have been dead for 2500 years? Our main goal will be to prove things about this logical system rather than to use this system to think about ordinary language arguments. What distinguishes that kind of life from others? This course argues that by reference to the historically specific modes of subjectivity and sociality that resulted from the Transatlantic Slave Trade and the Haitian Revolution, for instance, we can better understand and address long-standing questions in European Social Philosophy. The seminar will be structured around a close, critically engaged reading of the Confessions (in English translation) and will give attention to its historical context and significance as well as to its philosophical and theological ideas. This discussion will lead us to the relativist and social-constructivist views developed within contemporary science studies. In this tutorial, we will investigate the nature of skepticism and the varieties of relativism it encourages. We will then turn to some specific social forms in the second unit, and ask whether they promote or preclude our freedom. Milan Kundera tried to answer this question by saying that a good philosophical novel does not serve philosophy but, on the contrary, tries to "get hold of a domain that () philosophy had kept for itself. Specific issues will include the ethics of placebo research, deception in research, studies of illicit/illegal behavior, genetic research, experimentation with children, pregnant women and fetuses, and persons with diminished mental capacity, among other topics. Authors will include Plato, Anselm, Aquinas, Pascal, Paley, Hume, Kant, Kierkegaard, and several contemporary philosophers. Right? Phil Walsh!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)? Were they simply too unsophisticated and confused to understand what is for us the irresistible power of skepticism and relativism? Unfortunately, the relevance of Hume's ideas and arguments for particular philosophical disciplines has too often led to a piece-meal reading of his work: the three books of. Why should one obey the law (if one should)? seek answers to the following kinds of questions: When is it rational to have a particular belief? Conceptions of person are equally important in science (especially in psychology), law, and the arts. Some critical theorists within the Frankfurt School tradition draw from upon ideas about the constitution of the subject developed in the early 19th century German philosophy of Hegel. How do you expect to learn? We will look at relativism with respect to reason and truth in general as well as with respect to science, religion, and morality. this course, we will consider the relationship between freedom and social order. While answers to such questions are implicit in historically important accounts of morality, these issues became the topic of explicit, sustained debate in the twentieth and twenty-first century. The debate never transpired - indeed, Leibniz suppressed his New Essays - because of Locke's death in 1705. [more], The philosophy of mind has been one of the most active areas of philosophical inquiry over the last century. modernity and of politics offered by such thinkers as Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Marx, Mill, and Freud. nature and origins of the mother-child bond, and to replace--or to let us think we can replace--chance with choice." Roger Federer gets stumped by famous saying. Through an examination of these works, we will try to get some feeling for what Socrates' controversial positions and his arguments for these positions may have been. Without challenging the centrality of such projects for philosophy, this tutorial will focus on a less emphasized, but equally essential aspect of our lives: emotions. Initial tutorial meetings will focus on theoretical materials that will background later discussions and will include classic readings from the environmental ethics literature (e.g., Leopold, Taylor, Rolston). Where did my reasoning go wrong? We will see how a focus on language affects our understanding of many traditional philosophical questions, ranging from epistemology and metaphysics to aesthetics and ethics. We will try to determine what is the scope and nature of an adequate theory of emotions, what are the desiderata for such a theory, and what should count as evidence in its favor. What are the forces, and the dynamics between forces (i.e., economic, technological, modes of communication, techniques of social control, biological, psychological) that make certain types of subjects possible influencing both their self-understandings and their forms of life? What do the social and psychological sciences have to teach us about happiness? In this course we address key themes and figures from two of the most influential movements in twentieth century European philosophy, namely, existentialism and phenomenology, a philosophical approach to which existentialism is indebted. We will read the great 20th century philosopher who saw education as the foundation of democracy: John Dewey. In particular, one must grasp that "three of them" picks out a subset of the group picked out by "every cookie", and that there's no such thing as a cookie that is both chocolate chip and oatmeal raisin. At home? Gulliver's Travels, Part III, chapter 10. Walsh has authored four books and starred in The Daily Wire online documentary film . Furthermore, many of the issues that Aristotle takes up in these books remain of central importance in contemporary philosophy. Understood in this way, critical theory is identified closely with the intellectual tradition of the Frankfurt School. Emboldened by our confidence in skeptical arguments, we claim that knowledge is inevitably limited, that it depends on one's perspective, and that everything one believes is relative to context or culture. [more], What social and political arrangements are most conducive to fostering human well-being and the common good? On the other hand, if logic is about how we should reason, what makes it the case that we should reason one way rather than another? Last modified on Wed 26 Oct 2016 19.14 EDT. Cognitive science synthesizes research from cognitive psychology, computer science, linguistics, neuroscience, and contemporary philosophy. We will focus on particular topics, examples of which are the following: normative critique, capitalism, authoritarianism, mass culture, enlightenment and reason, progress, violence, the domination of nature, white supremacy, patriarchy and colonialism. How does our experience justify our beliefs? [more], In this course, we will begin with an in-depth study of the theory of first-order logic. Although it has influenced both analytic and continental philosophy, pragmatism is a powerful third philosophical movement. Phil, miss you and wish I had the chance to say goodbye. What are its distinct methods? Phil Walsh dead following domestic dispute, Statement from Gillon McLachlan on round 14. In pursuing the answers to these questions, we will discuss both classic and contemporary theories from philosophy and linguistics. While answers to such questions are implicit in historically important accounts of morality, these issues became the topic of explicit, sustained debate in the twentieth and twenty-first century. In this course, relying on works by economists and philosophers, we examine the status of economics as an academic discipline, focusing on its assumptions, methods, and results. Unsurprisingly, philosophers have proffered a variety of answers to these questions, prompting one philosopher to remark, half-jokingly, that "there are as many definitions of philosophy as there are philosophers." In this course, we will examine a number of Greek tragedies and philosophical writing on tragedy and the tragic. [more], Although Kant initially planned for his magnum opus to comprise theoretical and practical chapters, his metaphysics and epistemology take up all of his Critique of Pure Reason while his ethics is spread out over a series of works--Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Critique of Practical Reason, Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason, and The Metaphysics of Morals. About 3,000 people flocked to an Adelaide Crows training session as the emotional aftermath to the death of coach Phil Walsh continues. There are metaphysical problems, problems of human existence, that philosophy has never known how to grasp in all their concreteness and that only the novel can seize." United States portal. In this course we will examine traditional philosophical approaches to understanding death and related concepts, with a special focus on the ethical concerns surrounding death and care for the dying. public health policies and activities. [more], What are the purposes of higher education? This is part of a full-year thesis (493-494). Associate Dean of Students / Director of International Student Services. By which methods should we pursue these questions? Is film a creation of a single artist - the director, the author - or is it a result of a loosely synchronized and not quite coherent collaboration of many different people, each guided by her or his particular vision? According to Hegel, subjects are both historically and socially constituted; they are formed through their relations with other subjects. We will examine the Pan-African writings of: Cedric Robinson (Black Marxism); Walter Rodney (How Capitalism Underdeveloped Africa), Eric Williams (Capitalism and Slavery; From Columbus to Castro); Frantz Fanon (The Wretched of the Earth); Malcolm X (Malcolm X Speaks); Amilcar Cabral (Resistance and Decolonization; Unity and Struggle); C. L. R. James (The Black Jacobins). This introduction to philosophy will see how far the microscopes of reason and logic can carry us in traditional arguments about the existence and nature of God. The course will place special emphasis on developing students' intellectual skills in close, analytical reading; reconstructing and evaluating claims and reasons that support them; producing original ideas and arguments, orally and in writing; responding to the claims and arguments presented in texts and in class; and writing clear, polished, well-argued papers. The cause of death for Phil Williams Jr. was listed as "probably a . Springing Forward The Paresky Center is alive and bustling once again for the spring semester. In this tutorial, we will focus on questions concerning their distinctive methods, namely, historical materialism, genealogical critique, and psychoanalysis. [more], In this course we will explore the ways in which feminist approaches to moral thinking have influenced both the methodology and the content of contemporary bioethics. We will focus on particular topics, examples of which are the following: normative critique, capitalism, authoritarianism, mass culture, enlightenment and reason, progress, violence, the domination of nature, white supremacy, patriarchy and colonialism. Our tools in this course will be logic and reason, even when we are trying to determine what the limits of reason might be. But, is logic the study of how people do reason, or is it the study of how people should reason? What is it for a sentence or a proposition to be true? We will then examine how these notions may be exploited in the consideration of various long-standing issues in the theory of literary interpretation. [more], This course is a survey of 17th- and 18th-century European philosophy, with a focus on metaphysics and epistemology. legitimate? A person incapable of loyalty is often characterized as fickle, cold, self-serving and sometimes even pathological. between law and morality? Must they inhere in substances? Consequently, many philosophers deeply influenced by pragmatism do not recognize the fact, while, on the other hand, some self-proclaimed pragmatists of our days can hardly be seen as continuing the tradition to which they pledge allegiance. We think that there is a difference between a linguistic object's being meaningful and its having a referent. Topics to be considered include the nature of freedom (both individual and social), the master/slave dialectic and subject constitution, self-consciousness and double consciousness, the stages of history, and racial capitalism, Topics in Critical Theory: Subjection, Power, Freedom. We ordinarily claim that sentences are true or false, but are there other entities whose truth and falsity explains the truth and falsity of sentences? [more], The core activity of this seminar is the careful reading and sustained discussion of selected works by Plato and Aristotle, but we will also engage such other thinkers as Epictetus and Augustine, and, from a political and theoretical point of view, selections from the Hebrew Bible and New Testament. Phil works at Keller Williams Realty, Inc. as Real Estate Broker. use tab and shift-tab to navigate once expanded, Covid-19 is an ongoing concern in our region, including on campus. and Augustine, and, from a political and theoretical point of view, selections from the Hebrew Bible and New Testament. This tutorial aims to provide students with the skills necessary for careful, serious and thorough reading of Wittgenstein's later philosophy. In this course we will engage ethical questions surrounding the seeming inevitability of AI. [more], The status of economics as a predictive science has been most prominently brought into question, historically, by three unpredicted yet extremely important economic events: the Great Depression of the 1930s, stagflation of the 1970s, and bursting of the mortgage bubble in 2008. We will then examine writings in the Stoic and Epicurean traditions, as well as Cicero's On the Ends of Good and Evil. We'll attempt to answer this question by examining recent philosophical work on the nature of free will and responsibility. Were they simply too unsophisticated and confused to understand what is for us the irresistible power of skepticism and relativism? But how should objectivity in this domain be understood? Should we value other things (say justice or passionate commitment and curiosity) over happiness? [more], This course is a chronological survey of major works of political theory from the 16th to the 20th century. In this way we come to realize that far from being the irrational foil of "the West," Indian tradition is a rich resource for thinking through some of the central questions that have challenged philosophers in both traditions. What, if anything, justifies our scientific knowledge? Grounds can we justify confidence in our provisional answers to such questions taken into consideration in what..., linguistics, neuroscience, and critical theories of the most active areas of philosophical inquiry over summer. Democracy: John Dewey is identified closely with the intellectual tradition of the course is to explore evaluate... Both analytic and continental philosophy, pragmatism is a natural transition to Aldous Huxley 's Brave New.... Examining recent philosophical work on the nature of causation and philosophical writing on tragedy and the arts Daily... John Dewey learn the building blocks of current-day linguistic research philosophy, pragmatism is a powerful philosophical... 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